![]() ![]() Treatment of CMV reactivation will be undertaken following two consecutive positive CMV PCR levels at, or greater than, the limit of sensitivity, 500 copies/ml or one result of greater than 1000 copies/ml (or depending on local policy). The risk of reactivation varies dependent upon the patient and/or donor’s previous exposure to CMV. Patients treated with stem cell transplantation in the context of haematological malignancies can reactivate the latent virus, either from native host leucocytes, from those derived from the donor, or from both. CMV is able to lie dormant for protracted lengths of time, and immunity to the CMV complex involves both the humoral and cell-mediated pathways. Betaherpesvirinae infects the mononuclear cells, establishes latency in the leukocytes and once reactivated replicates slowly. 2009).ĬMV belongs to the human herpesvirus family HHV5 and comes from the subfamily Betaherpesvirinae. ![]() Prior to allograft the serostatus (IgG) of the patient and potential donors are assessed to gauge risk (Zaia et al. CMV is shed intermittently from the oropharynx and from the genitourinary tract of both immunocompetent and immunosuppressed people. It is a virus that is present worldwide, and whilst in developed countries approximately 50% of the population is seropositive, this rises to almost 100% in developing countries. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease is a serious potential complication of allogeneic stem cell transplantation leading to life-threatening complications.
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